How does the human ear perceive sound frequency changes?

The perception of sound frequency changes is primarily related to how pitch is interpreted by the human ear. As the frequency of a sound wave increases, the pitch of the sound also increases, which corresponds to the perceived highness or lowness of the sound.

Additionally, perceived volume is impacted by frequency, as human hearing is more sensitive to frequencies in the mid-range than to very low or very high frequencies. This means that within a given frequency range, the ear may perceive some frequencies as louder than others, even if the sound waves exert the same amount of pressure.

Although there are aspects of amplification and dampening in the ear's response to sound, the most relevant factor in terms of human perception is how these changes in frequency directly influence perceived pitch and volume. As a result, option B provides the best description of the complex relationship between sound frequency and auditory perception.